There are a number of terrible diseases for which we have no cure or need new and better ones, such as various cancers, mental illnesses and alzheimer’s disease. A new drug to treat any of these would be very valuable.
However, one of the biggest challenges we are currently facing is the increasing resistance that bacteria are developing to current antibiotics. This is highlighted by antibiotics being selected for the focus of the longitude prize:
(https://longitude.iasuk.ddev.site/ and http://www.longitudeprize.org/)
If we don’t find new kinds of drugs to treat bacterial infections then very simple diseases that we can currently treat could become deadly and things like basic surgery could be much more dangerous. So I would choose a new class of antibiotics.
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